Ruapekapeka Pā

Date: 1846

By: Marlow, William Biddlecomb, active 1840s; Leeds, (Lieutenant), active 1840s; Du Moulin, Jean Peter, 1816-1901; Page, E M (Mrs), active 1939

Reference: MapColl-832.11hkcmf/1846/Acc.5103

Description: Interior view of Kawiti's Pa at Ruapekapeka includes his house and pallisade, and several unnamed houses. Two wells are labelled, while the ditches, embankments and gateways are not. A reference key identifies the areas destroyed by artillery as well as the positions of the flagstaff. Four diagrams surround the plan: elevation of palisades; bomb proof hole; section of a hut and an underground passage and cave. A larger diagram shows a cross-section view of the pa showing the position of the breach and underground bomb proof chambers. Compare to lithograph held in Drawings and Prints E-320-f-003 and MapColl-832.11hkm/1846/Acc.29011. Map has manuscript annotations. On the rear of the map is handwritten "Captured under Sir George Grey Govenor, January 11th 1846, 12 English killed and 30 wounded. An amnesty granted and peace prevailed, the pa burned ... 8 days after'. Quantity: 1 map(s). Physical Description: Lithograph, linen backed, [scale ca. 1:1 720], 25 x 27.5 cm. Provenance: Donated by Mrs E.M. Page of Combe Down, Bath, 1939.

Date: 1846 - 1970

From: Bridge, Cyprian, 1807-1885: The Bridge prints 1970. Wellington, Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust Board, 1970

By: Williams, John, -1905?; Bridge, Cyprian, 1807-1885; Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust

Reference: C-028-028

Description: Ruapekapeka Pa in the distance on a hill with the smoke of gunfire around it. In the foreground, on a flat area, are British redcoats, some standing in line, some moving among the raupo whare of the lower pa. A cauldron is boiling on a fire on the left, and the palisades of the pa are visible on the right. On the left, bullocks are hauling supplies (of timber?) into the flat area and fighting is continuing in the background with much gunsmoke. Reproduced by the Library as one of 'The Bridge Prints' attributed to Cyprian Bridge in 1970. Later reattributed to John Williams. The Library holds the original watercolour at A-079-030, titled Ruapekapeka N Z. Other Titles - Ruapekapeka N Z Quantity: 1 colour photo-mechanical print(s). Physical Description: Photolithograph

Date: 1920 - 1929

By: Gordon, William Francis Robert, 1846-1936

Reference: C-053-013

Description: Shows an illustrated bird's-eye view of a pa with single and double wooden palisade, and numerous buildings inside, on what appears to be a flat site with a cliff falling away at the far right. The word "Ruapekapeka" is inscribed in pencil at top centre. From Cowan papers? Other Titles - Pa Inscriptions: Inscribed: Ruapekapeka delete h of pah]... Ruapekapeka, Bay of Islands, was scene of engagement in Dec 1845 Quantity: 1 drawing(s). Physical Description: Pen and ink drawing, 435 x 740 mm.

Date: 1845

By: Forbes, C S, active 1843; Great Britain. Public Record Office

Reference: MapColl-832.11aj/1845/Acc.39283

Description: Hydrographic and topographic map of the Kawakawa River adjacent to Kawiti, Bay of Islands, Northland. Soundings are in feet and some topographic features are described. Pa sites are referred to as Pomare's old and new Pah, Kawiti's old and new Pah. Pumukus Place is marked, as is the site of a Pa with the name of Tamati Pukututu. Bluffs along the river are marked, also marshy land and a village. The Waikadi River [sic] is named. Title assigned by cataloguer Pencilled note on top left: [Chart of the Kawakawa River, Bay of Islands]. Copy of original held in 'Maps from Colonial & War Office Papers pertaining to New Zealand'. Scale of original: [1:63 360]. Numbers on original on top left: 847 and 421 Note on top right: Soundings are in feet. Bearings magnetic Quantity: 1 map(s). Physical Description: Photocopy, scale indeterminable, 36.7 x 56.6 cm. on sheet 46.3 x 65.4 cm.

Date: 1846

By: Great Britain. War Office

Reference: MapColl-832.11hkcmf/1846/Acc.39282

Description: Plan of Ruapekapeka Pa, belonging to Nga Puhi leader Te Ruki Kawiti, near the Kawakawa River, Bay of Islands. Shows Kawiti's house and pallisade, and several unnamed dwellings, ditches, embankments and gateways. A reference key identifies the destruction of sites by artillery within the Pa as well as the positions of the flagstaff and outworks, with explanatory notes to the left of the plan. Also shows four cross-section insets of parts of the Pa (vertical scale [1:120]: section through ditches and pallisades; section through a hut; section through bombproof holes; and a cross section of the pa site across the hillslope, including underground bunkers. The final diagram shows a section of the fence surrounding the pa, with accompanying notes. See also MapColl-832.11hkcmf/1846/Acc.5103 Compare to lithograph held in Drawings and Prints E-20-f-003 and MapColl-832.11hkm/1846/Acc.29011 Written on map: Public Record Office MPG 619 25137 G619 Written at top of map: M 12.22 NZ Other Titles - Sketch of Kawiti's Pa at Ruapekapeka Quantity: 1 map(s). Physical Description: Photographic copy, scale [1:720], 28.7 x 40 cm

Date: 1968 - 1846

By: New Zealand. Department of Lands and Survey. Photogrammetric Branch.

Reference: MapColl-832.11hkcmf/1846(1968)/Acc.8175

Description: Sheet 1 of Aerial plan 791 is of the Ruapekapeka Pa in the Far North District. The drawings are believed to be a study of an archaeolgical site in use in 1846. Sheet 1 includes the environs of the Pa, includes the words 'Run A' and the site of a trough is marked. Roads and buildings on Sheet 1 are un-named. Contour lines include height in feet. An inset locality map, situated bottom right of the main map, shows the location of the Pa in relation to named roads, some streams and the railway line. Reference notes refer to the Geodetic Grid - 1949 and Photography - survey 3028, date 6.2.68, negative scale 1:2900 (approx.). Latitude and longitude coordinates are included. Inset: The aerial plan includes a locality diagram with a scale of 1 inch to a mile, situated bottom right, below the main plan. Aerial plan published by Dept. of Lands and Survey, Photogrammetric Branch. Quantity: 1 map(s). Physical Description: Ammonia print on paper, linen backed, 72 x 91.2 cm.

Date: 1968 - 1846

By: New Zealand. Department of Lands and Survey. Photogrammetric Branch.

Reference: MapColl-832.11hkcmf/1846(1968)/Acc.8176

Description: Sheet 2 of Aerial plan 791 is of the Ruapekapeka Pa in the Far North District. The drawings are believed to be a study of an archaeolgical site in use in 1846. Contour lines include height in feet. An inset locality map, situated bottom right of the main map, shows the location of the Pa in relation to named roads, some streams and the railway line. Reference notes refer to the Geodetic Grid - 1949, and Photography - survey 3028, date 6.2.68, negative scale 1:2900 (approx.). Latitude and longitude coordinates are included. Inset: The aerial plan includes a locality diagram with a scale of 1 inch to a mile, situated bottom right, below the main plan. Note on catalogue card states that Ruapekepeka Pa was Kawhiti's fortress taken by the British in 1846. Aerial plans published by Dept. of Lands and Survey, Photogrammetric Branch. Quantity: 1 map(s). Physical Description: Ammonia print on paper, linen backed, 72 x 91.2 cm.

Date: 1845 - 1846

From: Balneavis, Henry Colin, 1818-1876 :[Album, 1830s-1914]

By: Marlow, William Biddlecomb, active 1840s; Leeds, (Lieutenant), active 1840s; Du Moulin, Jean Peter, 1816-1901

Reference: E-952-f-111

Description: Plan view of Ruapekapeka pa, with elevations around the edge, showing a cross-section of the pa with its tunnels and trenches, and details along the bottom Compare version published in: United service journal, v. 3, Oct 1846, p. 252 (see Photo file print collection) Compare also lithograph in E-320-f-003 (digitised) and ink version (with slight differences) in Cartographic Collection at MapColl-832.11hkm/1846/Acc.29011 Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s). Physical Description: Lithograph, b&w, 244 x 279 mm on orange paper

Date: 1845 - 1846

From: Balneavis, Henry Colin, 1818-1876 :[Album, 1830s-1914]

By: Du Moulin, Jean Peter, 1816-1901; Leeds, (Lieutenant), active 1840s; Marlow, William Biddlecomb, active 1840s

Reference: E-952-f-110

Description: Plan view of Ruapekapeka pa, scale 50 feet to one inch Compare version published in: United service journal, v. 3, Oct 1846, p. 252 (see Photo file print collection) Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s). Physical Description: Lithograph,

Date: 1846

By: Bridge, Cyprian, 1807-1885

Reference: A-079-007

Description: Shows the pa as seen from possibly one hundred metres away, and from behind a row of low trees. Two lines of red-coated soldiers, about 10 in each line are about to enter the pa through a hole just made in the palisade. As yet there are no soldiers lying on the ground. In the foreground, a soldier sits watching the action from a fallen tree trunk, two Maori sit together near right and two others walk separately nearby. At right, a man dressed in blue, and with a sword hanging from his belt, peers at the action from behind a tree-trunk which forms the end of a wooden palisade. Through at hole in this palisade at far right, a cannon on wheels aims towards the pa and is manned by two other men watching. Inscriptions: Verso - top centre - Cyp Bridge fecit Quantity: 1 watercolour(s) on paper.. Physical Description: Watercolour 180 x 255 mm.

Date: 1845

Reference: MapColl-832.11a/[ca.1845]/Acc.414

Description: Military map of Bay of Islands, showing route taken by the British troops to reach Kawiti and his supporters. Route begins at Hokianga Harbour from the Waima River, along native path, through the Kaikohe pa site and mission station, along cart road through Waimate, past Kawiti's first pa site, along Cowa Cowa [Kawa Kawa] River, to the position of camp at Wai-o-meo 24 December 1845. Directly above is Kawiti's second pa north of the Waituto Hill. Other Titles - Sketchmap Quantity: 1 manuscript map(s). Physical Description: Ink and watercolour on paper, linen covered card, part coloured, 33 x 47 cm.

Date: 1846

From: Webster, Kenneth Athol, 1906-1967 :Maps from collection

By: Du Moulin, Jean Peter, 1816-1901; Leeds, (Lieutenant), active 1840s; Marlow, William Biddlecomb, active 1840s; Webster, Kenneth Athol, 1906-1967

Reference: MapColl-832.11hkm/1846/Acc.29011

Description: Interior view of Kawiti's Pah at Ruapekapeka includes his house with verandah and a strong pallisade, as well as other houses without stated ownership. The well, gateways, ditches and the embankements are labelled. A reference key states the areas destroyed by artillery. Four diagrams adjacent to the plan of the pa are captionned as follows:- Elevation of a palisade..; Section through c--d (a)embankment (b)dry ditch; Section through a hut; Section through a bomb proof hole. A larger diagram shows a cross-section view of the pa showing the position of the breach and the bomb proof chamber. Pah taken by the combined forces under Colonel Despard by Captain Graham, Jan 11th 1846. Each house on the pah was provided with a line of palisades and a bank of earth. No regularity was observed in the construction of the inner defences, and the houses were not entirely surrounded by them. Each inmate appears to have built his own defences. Many houses were provided with bomb proof holes to retire into during the cannon. These holes were covered by double pairs of trees, with earth at the top. (Information from hand-written note on map). Curators believe that this map is compiled from sketches by Captain Marlow, Lieut. Leeds and J.P. du Moulin. Compare to lithograph held in Drawings and Prints E-320-f-003 Quantity: 1 manuscript map(s). Physical Description: Ink on paper, some colour, 24.1 x 38 cm. Transfers: From Manuscripts & Archives - Webster, Kenneth Athol, 1906-1967: The Webster collection and papers - MS-Group-0002 papers.

Date: 1845 - 1847

From: Heaphy, Charles 1820-1881 :[Notes and sketches of Maori fortifications, 1839-1863] [1] Notes relative to sketches; [2] Fighting stages Waitangi, Chatham I[slan]d. 1839; Waimate pa, 1839; Sunset Point, Auckland; Summit of Rangitoto Island, Auckland; [3] Ruapekapeka, section along red line in sheet 6 [4] Tauranga Ika Pah; [5] Earthworks at Rangiriri, Waikato, 1863; Plan of a pa, Massacre Bay, 1839; Section of a wall near a gateway; [6] [Unidentified pa, sketch signed by R. Chapman]; Rangiriri, sketch of Maori works taken the day of the capture, 1863.

By: Heaphy, Charles, 1820-1881

Reference: B-043-015-3

Description: A cross-section of the defences at Kawiti's Pa at Ruapekapeka, including palisades, ditches, buildings and tunnels. A plan of the outer defences of the pa, showing palisades, wells, gates, buildings Copied from Great Britain. Parliamentary Papers, 1847, referring to Ruapekapeka Pa, made notable during the Northland Wars of 1845-1846. Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s). Physical Description: Lithograph of pen drawings and notes on sheet, 470 x 391 mm

Date: 1921 - 1845 - 1846

By: Messenger, Arthur Herbert, 1877-1962

Reference: A-173-014

Description: A copy of a plan of Ruapekapeak pa made in 1846 Extended Title - Original plan for illustration in The New Zealand Wars, by J Cowan, v. 1 . p. 76 Quantity: 1 drawing(s). Physical Description: Ink drawing, 91 x 158 mm

Date: 1846 - 1922

From: Cowan, James :The New Zealand wars. Wellington, Government Printer, 1922.

By: Bridge, Cyprian, 1807-1885; Williams, John, -1905?

Reference: PUBL-0054-1-077

Description: Ranks of soldiers on flat land in the foreground, with a fenced raupo cottage to the left. On a hill behind, Ruapekapeka Pa, ringing with bursts of gunfire smoke and with rockets shooting up the hill to left towards it. Based on watercolours by Cyprian Bridge and John Williams, but with the addition of the smoke of shell burst and rocket fire Quantity: 1 b&w photo-mechanical print(s). Physical Description: Photolithograph of watercolour (book illustration)

Date: 1845 - 1846

From: Colburn's united service magazine and naval and military journal. London, Hurst, 1846

By: Du Moulin, Jean Peter, 1816-1901

Reference: PUBL-0193-1846-252

Description: Map of Kawiti's Pa at Ruapekapeka with Kawiti's own house marked, a well in the centre and beyond the exterior walls, a horizontal scale of the pa in cross-section, details of the palisades with loopholes, of a bomb-proof hole or shelter, of a section of a hut and of an underground passage leading to a hut. A legend below indicates the location of the flag-staffs, unfinished outwork, the part destroyed by two 32-pounders, by a 12-pounder howitzer and by an 18 and 12-pounder. Shows details of the pa attacked by the 99th Regiment under Colonel Despard in January 1846 See also another copy of this image in the sketchbook of Major Cyprian Bridge (E-320-f-003) Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s). Physical Description: Wood engraving, 165 x 110 mm

Date: 1846

By: Bridge, Cyprian, 1807-1885

Reference: A-079-009

Description: Two tents sheltering redcoat solders and their equipment right foreground, two burnt bushes left foreground with centrally-placed wooden palisades of the stockade built by the British forces. Several other soldiers and one Maori on guard. Three small Cohorn mortars are inside the stockade. In the left background on a low hill, the Ruapekapeka pa is in flames. Exhibited in 'Encounter with Eden : New Zealand, 1770-1870' an exhibition of New Zealand paintings and watercolours from the Rex Nan Kivell Collection, National Library of Australia, held at National Library of New Zealand, 1990 and touring New Zealand 1991-1992. Inscriptions: Recto - [title in pencil, in the hand of the artist] Compare Bridge's identical copy of this view in the Rex Nan Kivell Collection, National Library of Australia, with title: "The Pah at Ruapekepeka in flames - from the 32 Pr Stockade. Jan.y 12th 1846" (Photograph in Drawings and Prints photo files and reproduced in Encounter with Eden (exhibtion catalogue), 1990) Quantity: 1 watercolour(s). Physical Description: Watercolour and Chinese white 165 x 245 mm

Date: 1846

By: Page, George Hyde, 1823-1908; Marshall, Patrick (Dr), 1869-1950

Reference: B-081-005

Description: Shows the British camp after the capture of Ruapekapeka Pa. Shows also British troops, Maori, temporary Maori dwellings on the right, the British flagstaff, gun carriages and Ruapekapeka pa in the background. Colour reproduction in a calendar at C-086-1956-02 Inscriptions: Recto - bottom left - G. H. Page 58th Regt.; Recto - bottom centre - Ruapekapeka; Recto - bottom right - Taken on the 11th Jany 1846 There is an almost identical view attributed to Page in the British Library (Add MS 19954, folio 47 (54). There is a watercolour copy of the right-hand side of this view by John Williams in the Turnbull Library, reference number E-320-f-011l. There are also two watercolours by Cyprian Bridge of the left and right sides of this view and one of the right side by John Williams, all in the National Library of Australia. Quantity: 1 watercolour(s). Physical Description: Watercolour 300 x 490 mm

Date: 1845 - 1846

From: Williams, John, d 1905 :Maori war sketches [by John Williams, Cyprian Bridge and other artists] 1845-1850

By: Marlow, William Biddlecomb, active 1840s; Leeds, (Lieutenant), active 1840s; Du Moulin, Jean Peter, 1816-1901

Reference: E-320-f-003

Description: Plan view of Ruapekapeka pa, with elevations around the edge, showing a cross-section of the pa with its tunnels and trenches, and details along the bottom Ink annotations Compare version published in: United service journal, v. 3, Oct 1846, p. 252 (see Photo file print collection) In: Maori war sketches acquired by Alexander Turnbull Compare also ink version (with slight differences) in Cartographic Collection at MapColl-832.11hkm/1846/Acc.29011 Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s). Physical Description: Lithograph, b&w, 244 x 279 mm

Date: 1846

From: Williams, John, d 1905 :Maori war sketches [by John Williams, Cyprian Bridge and other artists] 1845-1850

By: Williams, John, -1905?; Wynyard, Robert Henry (Sir), 1802-1864

Reference: E-320-f-010

Description: British redcoats pushing through the broken pa pallisades, with smoke inside the pa. Several soldiers and two marines firing towards the bushes in front of the pa. One dead soldier on the ground beside this latter group. Heavy bush on both sides and in the foreground, with Maori hidden and firing on the left. Other Titles - Ruapekapeka - after taking possession of Inscriptions: Recto - beneath image - Title and attribution in pencil; title repeated in ink on left side below image in the hand of Johannes Andersen, Turnbull Librarian at the time of acquisition of this work. Andersen has changed "taken" to "taking" and has interpreted "Le Sergt" as Lieutenant-Sergeant, instead of Lance-sergeant.; Recto - top left - Label with "No 31" in ink Quantity: 1 watercolour(s). Physical Description: Watercolour on wove paper 187 x 280 mm, glued into sketchbook