How Ngā Upoko Tukutuku works
Find out how Ngā Upoko Tukutuku | Māori subject headings works and how to use the terms when you are cataloguing and describing relevant material.
Structure of the file
Ngā Upoko Tukutuku covers a range of subjects found mainly in published materials.
The kaupapa, or preferred term, is defined in both te reo Māori and English. It shows broader and narrower relationships and related subjects.
Alternate terms lead to validated subjects. Where possible, the iwi source for dialect terms is named.
Ngā Upoko Tukutuku file structure.
Application of terms
The Library of Congress MARC Standards Office has authorised the use of the source code ‘reo’ to identify Ngā Upoko Tukutuku thesaurus terms used as subject headings. For example:
650 – 7 | a Pōwhiri. | 2 reo
The National Library adds subject headings from Ngā Upoko Tukutuku to descriptive records, as well as the usual Library of Congress subject headings, for all works written in the Māori language or about Māori.
The authority records are in the National Library Catalogue and Worldcat, and are also available for libraries to include in their local catalogues.
These authority records do not contain all the information in Ngā Upoko Tukutuku and are not intended to be a replacement.
Descriptors used in the file
Descriptor | Explanation |
Kaupapa / Term | A word or phrase (term) for a specific subject, which is used as part of the controlled vocabulary |
Whakamārama | Scope note in Māori describing the term |
Scope note | Scope note in English describing the term |
Tukutuku | Displays unpreferred terms in Māori. These are words and phrases not chosen as subjects |
Used for | Displays unpreferred terms in English. These are words and phrases not chosen as subjects |
Tāhuhu / Broader terms | Displays terms that have broader subject coverage |
Heke / Narrower terms | Displays terms that have narrower subject coverage |
Reo ā Iwi / Dialect term | Displays alternative dialect terms used by some iwi |
Kaho / Related terms | Displays terms that are related in subject by may not form part of the same hierarchy |
Titiro mai / Use | Directs from unpreferred terms to preferred terms used in the hierarchy |
Te hanganga o te kōnae
E kapi ana Ngā Upoko Tukutuku i ngā kaupapa maha e kitea nuitia i ngā rauemi kua whakaputaina.
E whakamāramatia ana te kaupapa, te kupu e hiahiatia ana rānei, ki te reo Māori me te reo Ingarihi. Ka whakaaturia ngā whanaungatanga whānui ake, whāiti ake me ngā marau hāngai.
Ka ahu atu ngā kupu hohoko ki ngā marau whai mana. Ina taea, ka whakaingoatia te iwi mō ngā kupu reo ā-iwi.
Ngā Upoko Tukutuku file structure.
Te whakamahinga o ngā kupu
Kua whakamanahia e te Library of Congress MARC Standards Office te whakamahinga o te puna waehere ‘reo’ hei whakaatu i ngā kupu punakupu Ngā Upoko Tukutuku ka whakamahia hei ūpoko tukutuku. Hei tauira:
650 – 7 | a Pōwhiri . | 2 reo
Ka tāpirihia e Te Puna Mātauranga ngā upoko tukutuku mai i Ngā Upoko Tukutuku ki ngā rokiroki whakamāramatanga, tae atu hoki ki aua upoko tukutuku Library of Congress anō, mō ngā tuhinga katoa i tuhia ki te reo Māori, mō te Māori rānei.
Ko ēnei rokiroki whai mana kei roto i te rārangi Puna Mātauranga me te Rārangi Ao (WorldCat), anō hoki, e wātea anō hoki a ki ngā whare pukapuka i tā rātou ake whakarārangi.
Kāore i ēnei rokiroki whai mana ngā kōrero katoa i roto Ngā Upoko Tukutuku ka mutu ehara i te mea he whakakapinga.
Ngā kōrero e whakamahia ana i roto i te kōnae
Kōrero | Whakamāramatanga |
Kaupapa | He kupu, kīanga rānei (kōrero) e whakamārama ana i tētahi marau whāiti ka taea te whakamahi i roto i tētahi huinga papakupu whakahaere |
Whakamārama | Tuhipoka hōkai i roto i te reo Māori e whakamārama ana i te kupu |
Scope note | Tuhipoka hōkai i roto i te reo Ingarihi e whakamārama ana i te kupu |
Tukutuku | E whakaatu ana i ngā kupu kāore e hiahiatia ana ki te reo Māori. Koinei ngā kupu, kīanga hoki kāore i tohua hei marau |
Used for | Whakaaturia ngā kupu kāore e hiahiatia ana ki te reo Ingarihi. Koinei ngā kupu, kīanga hoki kāore i tohua hei marau |
Tāhuhu | Ka whakaaturia ngā kupu he hōkaitanga marau whānui ake |
Heke | Ka whakaaturia ngā kupu he hōkaitanga marau whāiti ake |
Reo ā Iwi | Ka whakaaturia ngā kupu reo ā-iwi hohoko ka whakamahia e ētahi iwi |
Kaho | Ka whakaaturia ngā kupu e hāngai ana te kaupapa engari kāore i roto i te nahanaha ōrite |
Titiro mai | Ka whakahauhia mai i ngā kupu tē hiahiatia ki ngā kupu e hiahiatia ana e whakamahia ana i te nahanaha |